Which adverse effect is classically associated with MAOIs?

• A. Hyperglycemia
• B. Sedation
• C. Hypotension
• D. Lethal hypertensive crisis

Answer: (D)

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors block the breakdown of monoamines like tyramine. When tyramine-containing foods are consumed, tyramine is absorbed and causes a large release of norepinephrine, leading to sudden, extreme vasoconstriction and a drastic rise in blood pressure. This can trigger a hypertensive crisis that can be life-threatening, which is the characteristic risk associated with MAOIs. That’s why this adverse effect is highlighted as a classic danger with these drugs. Other options don’t fit this defining risk: hyperglycemia isn’t a typical MAOI issue, and while some patients may experience sedation or hypotension, they don’t represent the hallmark, potentially lethal event.