Retinal hemorrhage is associated with which drug?

• A. Indomethacin
• B. Acetaminophen
• C. Pseudoephedrine
• D. Glitazones

Answer: (A)

Retinal hemorrhage from medications is often linked to drugs that impair blood clotting or platelet function. Indomethacin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, inhibits cyclooxygenase and reduces thromboxane A2 production, which diminishes platelet aggregation. This raises the tendency for bleeding in small retinal vessels, making retinal hemorrhages a possible adverse effect in susceptible individuals. Acetaminophen doesn’t significantly affect platelets, so it’s less likely to be associated with retinal hemorrhage. Pseudoephedrine acts mainly as a vasoconstrictor and can raise blood pressure, but it isn’t a direct cause of retinal hemorrhage. Glitazones can cause edema and other ocular changes but aren’t characteristically linked to retinal hemorrhage.